Structural behaviour of steel-timber composite elements: an overview

Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive study on the structural behaviour of steel-timber composite elements through reviewing their composite assembly effect, capacity improvements, fire resistance, durability, maintenance, design considerations and material selection recommendations. The study begins by examining the material properties of steel and timber, including their individual characteristics. The interactional mechanisms between steel and timber within composite structures are explored to explain how they enhance the overall strength and stiffness. The load-bearing capacity and performance of steel-timber composites are evaluated through considering factors such as geometry and connection methods. The fire performance of steel-timber composites is also analysed. Manufacturing techniques such as assembly and joining methods for composite elements, are discussed. Finally, key findings and future work recommendations are summarized to further enhance the understanding, design, and implementation of steel-timber composite elements in the construction industry.