DOAJ Open Access 2022

The Asymmetric Impact of War: Resilience, Vulnerability and Implications for EU Policy

Giuseppe Celi Dario Guarascio Jelena Reljic Annamaria Simonazzi Francesco Zezza

Abstrak

Abstract In 2019, over 96% of EU27 oil needs, nearly 90% of natural gas and over 43% of solid fuels were met by net imports, with the largest share coming from Russia (35% of oil, 40% of natural gas and 20% of solid fuels consumed in EU27). The decline in the share of oil since 2016 was more than off-set by the increase in gas and solid fuels.

Topik & Kata Kunci

Economic theory. Demography Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform

Penulis (5)

Giuseppe Celi

Dario Guarascio

Jelena Reljic

Annamaria Simonazzi

Francesco Zezza

Format Sitasi

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Celi, G., Guarascio, D., Reljic, J., Simonazzi, A., Zezza, F. (2022). The Asymmetric Impact of War: Resilience, Vulnerability and Implications for EU Policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10272-022-1049-2

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Informasi Jurnal

Tahun Terbit: 2022
Sumber Database: DOAJ
DOI: 10.1007/s10272-022-1049-2
Akses: Open Access ✓