Sustainable Agriculture with Self-Powered Wireless Sensing

Agricultural sustainability is becoming more and more important for human health. Wireless sensing technology could provide smart monitoring in real time for different parameters in planting, breeding, and the food supply chain with advanced sensors such as flexible sensors; wireless communication networks such as third-, fourth-, or fifth-generation (3G, 4G, or 5G) mobile communication technology networks; and artificial intelligence (AI) models. Many sustainable, natural, renewable, and recycled facility energies such as light, wind, water, heat, acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and microbe energies that exist in actual agricultural systems could be harvested by advanced self-powered technologies and devices using solar cells, electromagnetic generators (EMGs), thermoelectric generators (TEGs), piezoelectric generators (PZGs), triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), or microbial full cells (MFCs). Sustainable energy harvesting to the maximum extent possible could lead to the creation of sustainable self-powered wireless sensing devices, reduce carbon emissions, and result in the implementation of precision smart monitoring, management, and decision making for agricultural production. Therefore, this article suggests that proposing and developing a self-powered wireless sensing system for sustainable agriculture (SAS) would be an effective way to improve smart agriculture production efficiency while achieving green and sustainable agriculture and, finally, ensuring food quality and safety and human health.