Spirometry in the prophylaxis of respiratory system diseases – a retrospective study

Introduction: Diseases of the respiratory system are the third cause of mortality worldwide in terms of incidence. A spirometry test enables early detection of changes in the respiratory tract of persons with minor ailments, as well as the diagnosis of a fairly advanced illness whose symptoms have been neglected by the patient. Aim: The aim of this study has been to identify any irregularities in spirometry tests in the population of the province of Warmia and Mazury. Material and methods: The study covered 1061 persons living in the province of Warmia and Mazury, of which 637 patients (188 women and 249 men) were included in the analysis. The participants provided their basic demographic and medical data through a survey. Each participant underwent a spirometry test according to the European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic Society 2005 guidelines. Statistical analysis was carried out in a Statistica software package. Results and Discussion: The study showed that women smoke significantly less than men – the average pack years for women and men were 4.02 (SD 9.33) and 8.11 (SD 17.19) (P < 0.001), respectively. A higher number of pack years contributed to a higher incidence of the respiratory tract symptoms (cough, wheeze, breathlessness) (P < 0.05). Compared to men, women were more often observed to suffer from grade 1 or 2 degree dyspnoea on the mMRC scale. Conclusions: Pulmonary function tests play an important role in the diagnosis of respiratory system diseases. Promotion of prophylactic measures in streets of cities helps to improve patients’ awareness of the condition of their health.