Discourse markers in modern Russian linguistics: analysis of some theoretical approaches

Currently, discourse markers are the object of numerous linguistic studies, in which they are studied from the perspective of various scientific theories and approaches both in foreign studies and in the works of Russian scientists. This article is devoted to the analysis and synthesis of individual approaches to the study of discourse markers that currently exist in Russian linguistics. In the article below, this linguistic phenomenon is considered from the perspective of sociolinguistics, cognitive science, Сonstruction Grammar, gender linguistics, theory of politeness, as well as within the framework of individual combined approaches. The purpose of the article, therefore, is to critically review, analyze, generalize the views of Russian linguists, identify common ground and differences in relation to the designated linguistic phenomenon. The problem of separating discourse markers on an equal basis with other linguistic units into a separate class or an independent category is raised, their characteristics and features of functioning depending on the type of discourse are analyzed. An attempt is made to explain the various variants of terminological nomination of discourse markers, their classifications and typologies in the designated theoretical approaches are compared. The article concludes that there is no connection between the theoretical approach and the choice of a term to denote the linguistic phenomenon we are analyzing. In addition, the author notes the insufficiency of one criterion for the typologization of discourse markers due to the versatility of their nature, as well as their multifunctionality. The actor also points out the difficulty of creating a unified classification of discursive markers but sees this as a prospect for further research of this phenomenon, as well as the peculiarities of their functioning in various discursive practices.