Use of DTM data for the purpose of developing an earthwork volume balance

The subject of this study is to develop an earthwork volume balance for future works related to the construction of a single-family housing estate. As part of the design and construction of a single-family housing estate, the earthwork balance is crucial, as it allows for effective earthworks management and appropriate cost calculation. Proper planning of earthworks reduces the need for soil transport and minimises operating costs. Two models were developed to conduct the earthworks budget: the current terrain model and the design terrain model. The current terrain model was created on the basis of an integration of geodetic measurements and data from the digital terrain model (DTM). Then, based on the design assumptions, a design terrain model was generated, taking into account the planned embankments, excavations, and the target foundation level of buildings and road infrastructure. Analysis of the differences between the current and design terrain models made it possible to determine the volume of earth masses to be removed, relocated, or managed on the project site. Geodetic methods and GIS tools were used in the calculation process, enabling precise determination of volumetric differences. The obtained results indicate the possibility of optimising earthworks management through appropriate distribution of embankments and reduction of the volume of soil requiring removal. The conclusions from the analysis can contribute to better planning of construction investments and reduce their environmental impact.