The burden of submicroscopic and asymptomatic malaria in India revealed from epidemiology studies at three varied transmission sites in India
Abstrak
AbstractMalaria in India, while decreasing, remains a serious public health problem, and the contribution of submicroscopic and asymptomatic infections to its persistence is poorly understood. We conducted community surveys and clinic studies at three sites in India differing in their eco-epidemiologies: Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Nadiad (Gujarat), and Rourkela (Odisha), during 2012–2015. A total of 6,645 subject blood samples were collected for Plasmodium diagnosis by microscopy and PCR, and an extensive clinical questionnaire completed. Malaria prevalence ranged from 3–8% by PCR in community surveys (24 infections in Chennai, 56 in Nadiad, 101 in Rourkela), with Plasmodium vivax dominating in Chennai (70.8%) and Nadiad (67.9%), and Plasmodium falciparum in Rourkela (77.3%). A proportional high burden of asymptomatic and submicroscopic infections was detected in community surveys in Chennai (71% and 71%, respectively, 17 infections for both) and Rourkela (64% and 31%, 65 and 31 infections, respectively). In clinic studies, a proportional high burden of infections was identified as submicroscopic in Rourkela (45%, 42 infections) and Chennai (19%, 42 infections). In the community surveys, anemia and fever were significantly more common among microscopic than submicroscopic infections. Exploratory spatial analysis identified a number of potential malaria hotspots at all three sites. There is a considerable burden of submicroscopic and asymptomatic malaria in malarious regions in India, which may act as a reservoir with implications for malaria elimination strategies.
Penulis (32)
Anna Maria van Eijk
Patrick L. Sutton
Lalitha Ramanathapuram
Steven A. Sullivan
Deena Kanagaraj
G. Sri Lakshmi Priya
Sangamithra Ravishankaran
Aswin Asokan
V. Sangeetha
Pavitra N. Rao
Samuel C. Wassmer
Nikunj Tandel
Ankita Patel
Nisha Desai
Sandhya Choubey
Syed Zeeshan Ali
Punam Barla
Rajashri Rani Oraon
Stuti Mohanty
Shobhna Mishra
Sonal Kale
Nabamita Bandyopadhyay
Prashant K. Mallick
Jonathan Huck
Neena Valecha
Om P. Singh
K. Pradhan
Ranvir Singh
S. K. Sharma
Harish C. Srivastava
Jane M. Carlton
Alex Eapen
Format Sitasi
Akses Cepat
- Tahun Terbit
- 2019
- Bahasa
- en
- Total Sitasi
- 59×
- Sumber Database
- CrossRef
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-019-53386-w
- Akses
- Open Access ✓