Comparative Analysis of Non-Invasive and Invasive Tumor Treatment Fields: A Simulation Study

This study compares electric field and temperature distributions between non-invasive and invasive tumor treatment fields (TTFields). We employ four-layer spherical head models, representing the scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain, for simulation analysis. Non-invasive TTFields utilize scalp transducers, while invasive methods involve electrode implantation into tumors. Our findings underscore the advantages of invasive TTFields, showcasing their superior tumor-targeting abilities and reduced energy requirements. Furthermore, our analysis of brain tissue temperature changes in response to TTFields indicates that non-invasive TTFields primarily generate heat on the scalp, whereas implantation methods concentrate heat production within tumors, preserving normal brain tissue. In conclusion, invasive TTFields demonstrates potential for precise and effective tumor treatment. Its enhanced targeting capabilities and limited impact on healthy tissue make it a promising avenue for further research in the realm of cancer treatment.